The South American

shukrijumah.jpgDatelined Charlieville, Trinidad and Tobago, a fascinating article by Josh Meyer in the Los Angeles Times today about the worldwide hunt, fruitless so far, for Adnan Gulshair Muhammad el-Shukrijumah, 31, US citizen, computer technician by trade, jihadist by avocation, and (strongly) suspected top-level operative of the al-Qaeda version 2.0 that many experts believe is currently forming.

Charlieville, a rural Muslim community in T & T, is where Shukrijumah spent the week of the September 11 attacks, and where the FBI went looking for him 18 months later, by which time he was of course long gone. Why T & T? Not entirely clear, but Shukrijumah is originally Guyanese (and thus very likely partly or mostly desi) and the two countries have numerous cultural affinities that include supporting each other’s music, football teams, cricket stars, and now perhaps more sinister affinities among groups with nefarious intent.

Known by various aliases, including “The South American,” Shukrijumah has quite a reputation and the skills and credentials to move with relative ease:

Whereas Al Qaeda’s core followers are young, poor and relatively uneducated, Shukrijumah has attended college and is comfortable with technology. He’s also a naturalized U.S. citizen whose appearance would allow him to pass as Latino, Indian or Middle Eastern and who speaks English with no discernible accent, officials say. …

When asked which operative was most likely to launch a U.S.-based attack, many captives mentioned one particular figure with an almost mythical reputation as a ruthless militant. His nom de guerre was Jaffar al Tayyar, a reference to an Islamic hero who had fought beside the prophet Muhammad.

But his identity, too, was a mystery.

The pieces began to come together in early March when [Khalid Shaikh] Mohammed was captured in Pakistan and his computers, phones and other electronic gear were seized.

The evidence confirmed that Mohammed had been sending “Westernized” Al Qaeda soldiers on missions into the U.S. and other countries.

And when Mohammed was shown a photograph of Shukrijumah, he identified him as Tayyar, U.S. counter-terrorism officials said.

By then, U.S. authorities were concluding that Shukrijumah was also the shadowy South American, an apparent reference to his time spent in Trinidad and nearby Guyana.

To their dismay, they realized that one of Al Qaeda’s best-trained operatives had been lurking — and perhaps plotting — in the United States since long before the Sept. 11 attacks.

Read the article to find out about Shukrijumah’s upbringing, education, and passage into active jihadist training and fighting in Afghanistan. One part that struck me is how al-Qaida “made a man” of Shukrijumah, surely a key aspect of the psychological appeal of these organizations. As a youth, Shukrijumah was sidelined by asthma and grew increasingly confident, competent, and effective as his involvement in the organization developed, after starting off as the equivalent of an undrafted free agent trying to make the team:

At the camps, Shukrijumah was initially rejected for training. Instead, he started at the bottom, doing dishes and menial work before earning the right to train with weapons and tactics, agents say. …

After he started traveling to Pakistan and Afghanistan, however, Shukrijumah began to change, say friends and associates interviewed by the FBI. He would take off for long periods, to places overseas he would not discuss.

“Every time he came back, he was a different person,” the FBI official said. “He was more calm, more cool and more purposeful in his actions.”

Shukrijumah’s father, an Islamic missionary in Florida who was paid by the Saudi government, died in 2004. And his mother, Zuhrah Abdu Ahmed, hasn’t seen him in five years:

Sitting on the front stoop of the family home, Ahmed — a tiny woman with warm brown eyes and a big smile, dressed in a flowing black robe and head scarf — said her son didn’t like South Florida’s freewheeling singles scene and the nightclubs and bikinis.

“But he like America so much,” she said. “People, he say, [are] very nice and kind. If only they more decent, he say, this would be the best place on Earth.”

11 thoughts on “The South American

  1. My roommate just walked by , ‘hey, when did you get that mugshot?’ I have an uncanny resemblence to this person!

  2. One part that struck me is how al-Qaida “made a man” of Shukrijumah, surely a key aspect of the psychological appeal of these organizations.

    That also seems to be the case with Adam Gadahn, who went from a heavy metal music loving California teenager to now appearing with Ayman Zawaheri this week. Al Qaida gives the directionless a focus quite effectively.

  3. Trinidad has a unique Islamic culture – a kind of creolised Islam where the shia festival of Muharram is celebrated by all communities:

    Hosay is the local manifestation of the Shia Muslim Festival of Muharram in Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica(where is it spelled Hussay). The name Hosay comes from “Husayn” whose marytrdom is commemorated in the festival.
    Although Hosay is a religious event for Shias, all of Trinidad’s religious and ethnic communities participate in it, and it has become accepted as part of the national culture.
    The Festival of Muharram was brought to the Caribbean by Shia Muslim indentured labourers who migrated from India in the 19th Century

    There are further links at the bottom of the wikki article.

  4. That also seems to be the case with Adam Gadahn, who went from a heavy metal music loving California teenager to now appearing with Ayman Zawaheri this week. Al Qaida gives the directionless a focus quite effectively.

    Thanks for that link, Vikram. What’s even more interesting than Adam’s downward spiral is his family’s ever-changing religious background: starting with his grandfather, every generation has espoused a different a religion. I can only hope Adam’s children (if he ever has any) grow up to discover the Dharmic religions.

  5. doh!

    And just when I thought that an ‘Adnan’ wouldn’t be involved….someone has to let the team down.

  6. The easy globalization of terrorism is downright scary. South Florida! My home. Charlieville! Been there (wife a Trinidad Indian). A sleepy little village. Who would have thought!

  7. Trinidad has at least one militant muslim group, Jamaat al Muslimeen, which attempted a coup in 1990. There are still bullet holes in the parliament building in Port of Spain. JaM is predominately an Afro-Trinidadian group.

    link to wiki

    The truly unfortunate thing in all this is that the Great Powers fighting the Global War on Terrorism don’t realize that the cultural, religious, and racial equations in Trinidad and Guyana are askew. Not everyone in those places whose last name is Mohammed is a Muslim. For that matter, nor are most people named Singh practitioners of Sikhism. Mr. Ramachandra Somwaru Persaud, a Hindu, probably goes by Buddy–just like every third Guyanese male. Rumors alone of al-Qaeda in the Caribbean are enough to cause folks in Trinidad and Guyana unnecessary hardship.